555 Baihaqi transmitted it as a narration from 'Aa'ishah with a good isnaad, as verified by Ibn al-Mulaqqin (28/2).
556 Bukhaari & Muslim. It is given in Irwaa' al-Ghaleel (338).
557 Nasaa'i, Ahmad & Tabaraani in Mu'jam al-Kabeer (3/25/1) with a saheeh sanad. The literal meaning of the hadeeth is evidence for the validity of supplication in every tashahhud, even the one not adjacent to the tasleem, and this is the view of Ibn Hazm (rahimahullaah).
558 Nasaa'i with a saheeh sanad.
559 Bukhaari & Muslim.
560 Abu Daawood & Haakim , who declared it saheeh and Dhahabi agreed.
561 Ar. tahiyyaat, i.e. "all words which imply peace, sovereignty and eternity, are due to Allaah." (Nihaayah)
562 Ar. salawaat, i.e. "all supplications which are used to glorigy the majesty of Allaah, for He is fully entitled to them, and none but Him is worthy of them." (Nihaayah)
563 Ar. tayyibaat, i.e. "all good and pure words suitable for praising Allaah, not those ones incompatible with his attributes with which kings were greeted." (Fath al-Baari)
564 meaning seeking of refuge with Allaah and being strengthened by him, since as-Salaam (Peace) is actually a name of Allaah. Hence, the greeting effectively means: Allaah be a watcher and safeguard over you. Similarly, it is said, "Allaah be with you", i.e. in His safeguarding, help and favour.
565 A term for all the good continuously emanating from Allaah.
566 Bukhaari, Muslim, Ibn Abi Shaibah (1/90/2), Siraaj & Abu Ya'laa in his Musnad (258/2). It is given in Irwaa' (321).
Ibn Mas'ood's statement, "We said: Peace be on the Prophet" clarifies that the Companions (radi Allaahu 'anhum) used to say, "Peace be on you, O Prophet" in tashahhud while the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) was alive, but when he died, they ceased to do that, instead saying, "Peace be on the Prophet". Undoubtedly, this was with the endorsement of the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam); this is supported by the fact that 'Aa'ishah (radi Allaahu 'anhaa) would similarly teach the tashahhud in prayer with "Peace be on the Prophet", as transmitted by Siraaj in his Musnad (9/1/2) & Mukhlis in al-Fawaa'id (11/54/1) with two saheeh isnaads from her. Ibn Hajar says, "This addition shows clearly that they used to say 'Peace be on you, O Prophet', addressing him directly during his life, but when the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) died, they stopped addressing him and mentioned him in the third person instead, saying 'Peace be on the Prophet'." He also says in a different place, "Subki said in Sharh al- Minhaaj, after mentioning this narration from Abu 'Awaanah only, 'If this is authentically-reported from the Companions, it proves that after his time, it is not compulsory to address the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) directly in the greeting of peace, so one says: Peace be on the Prophet.' (Ibn Hajar continues:) This is authentic without doubt (i.e. because it is established in Sahih al-Bukhaari ), and I have also found strong support for it:- 'Abdur Razzaaq said: Ibn Juraij informed me: 'Ataa' informed me that the Companions used to say 'Peace be on you, O Prophet' while the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) was alive, but after he died, they would say 'Peace be on the Prophet', and this is a saheeh isnaad. As for Sa'eed bin Mansoor's narration from Abu 'Ubaidah bin 'Abdullaah bin Mas'ood, who reported from his father that the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) taught them the tashahhud, and then he ('Abdullaah bin Mas'ood) said it (the tashahhud); Ibn 'Abbaas said: We used to say 'Peace be on you, O Prophet' only while he was alive, to which Ibn Mas'ood replied, 'This is how we were taught, and this is how we teach it', it would appear that Ibn 'Abbaas said this as a matter of discussion but Ibn Mas'ood did not accept. However, the narration of Abu Ma'mar (i.e. the narration of Bukhaari ) is more authentic, since Abu 'Ubaidah did not hear (ahaadeeth) from his father, and furthermore, the isnaad up to Abu 'Ubaidah is weak." (End of quote from Ibn Hajar)
These words of Ibn Hajar have been quoted by several scholars in their analysis, e.g. Qastalaani, Zarqaani, Lucknowi, etc. They all chose to give his words without commenting further. This discussion is treated more fully in al-Asl.
567 Muslim, Abu 'Awaanah, Shaafi'i & Nasaa'i .
568 see next note.
569 These two additions have been proved to be part of the tashahhud from the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam). Ibn 'Umar did not add them of his own accord (far is he above such a thing! ); in fact, he learnt them from other Companions who reported them from the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam), and he then added them to the tashahhud which he heard from the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) directly.
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