615 ibid.
616 Ahmad, Abu Daawood, Ibn Khuzaimah (1/83/2) & al-Haakim , who declared it saheeh and Dhahabi agreed.
It should be known that this hadeeth proves that salaah (sending prayers) on the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) in this tashahhud is obligatory, due to the command about it. This opinion was taken by Imaam Shaafi'i and by Imaam Ahmad in the later of the two narrations from him, and before them by several Companions, as well as other people of knowledge. Because of this, Aajuri said in Sharee'ah (p. 415): "He who does not send prayers on the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) in the final tashahhud must repeat the prayer." Hence, those who label Imaam Shaafi'i as being alone and odd in his opinion on this, are not being just, as the faqeeh Haitami has explained in Darr al-Mandood (sections 13-16).
617 Nasaa'i with a saheeh sanad.
618 Muslim, Abu 'Awaanah, Nasaa'i & Ibn al-Jaarood in al-Muntaqaa (27). It is given in Irwaa' (350).
619 Abu Daawood & Ahmad with a saheeh sanad.
620 Muslim & Abu 'Awaanah.
621 We have not said, "... in his tashahhud" because the text is "... in his prayer", not specifying either tashahhud or anything else. Hence, it covers all positions suitable for supplication, e.g. prostration and tashahhud; the instruction to supplicate in these two postures has been mentioned.
622 Bukhaari & Muslim. Athram said, "I asked Ahmad: 'With what (words) should I supplicate after tashahhud ?' He said, 'As has been narrated.' I said, 'Didn't the Messenger of Allaah (sallallaahu 'alaihi wa sallam) say, "Then he should select whichever supplication he likes" ?' He said, 'He should select out of what has been narrated.' I repeated the question: he said, 'From what has been narrated'." This was quoted by Ibn Taymiyyah (Majmoo' al-Fataawaa 69/218/1), who endorsed it, adding, "Hence, 'whichever supplication' refers to the supplications which Allaah loves, not to any supplication ..."; later he said, "Hence, it is best to say: (one should supplicate) with the approved, established supplications, and these are what have ben narrated and those that are beneficial." This is so, but to recognise which supplications are indeed beneficial depends on authentic knowledge, and this is rarely found among the people, so it is best to stick to the supplications quoted, especially when they include what the worshipper wishes to request. Allaah knows best.
623 ma'tham: what causes a man to sin, or the sin itself.
624 maghram: burden; here it means debt, as proved by the rest of the hadeeth, in which 'Aa'ishah said, "Someone said to him, 'Why do you seek refuge from maghram, so often, O Messenger of Allaah ?' He replied, Truly, when a man becomes indebted, he speaks and lies, and he promises and breaks his promise."
625 Bukhaari & Muslim.
626 i.e. from the evil of the bad actions I have done, and from the evil of not doing good actions.
627 Nasaa'i with a saheeh sanad & Ibn Abi 'Aasim in his as-Sunnah (no. 370 - with my checking); the addition is from the latter.
628 Ahmad & Haakim who declared it saheeh and Dhahabi agreed.
629 Nasaa'i & al-Haakim who declared it saheeh and Dhahabi agreed.
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